6 New Natural Plant Fibers You Should Know
Date: 2025/1/23 By: Winnie
In recent years, people’s demand for textile fibers has increased, and the requirements for various properties of textile raw materials are also increasing. Traditional natural textile raw materials (such as cotton, wool, etc.) production by the climate, planting technology, breeding environment, and other conditions of constraints, the increase in production is extremely limited. Synthetic fibers have excellent textile processing performance, but petroleum, coal, and other non-renewable resources as the basis for raw materials, in the production, use, and abandonment of these fibers in the process of ecological environment caused serious pollution, affecting human health. Textile raw materials have become an important factor constraining the development of the textile industry.
What Are Natural Plant Fibers?
Natural plant fibers are extracted from plants, usually renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly in the production, processing, and use of the process, the basic human body and the earth will not cause too much harm, and the products can be naturally degraded after disposal of the ecological balance of the natural world does not have much impact. Natural plant fibers and human life are in an extremely close relationship. In addition to the daily life of the necessary textile products, rope, packaging, weaving, paper, plastic explosives, etc., natural plant fibers are also needed as raw materials.
Natural plant fibers types
Natural plant fibers are found in the stems, leaves, roots, pericarp and seeds of plants and can be classified into the following six types.
1. Bast fiber
In the stems of some dicotyledonous plants, bast fiber is well developed, such as mulberry, paper mulberry, and elm, which can be used as raw materials for special paper. In the herbaceous stems of hemp (such as ramie, hemp, flax, jute, hemp, etc.), there are also particularly developed bast fiber bundles. The fibers are usually separated from the main stem by retting, or stripped manually or mechanically. Most bast fibers have good strength and are widely used in the manufacture of ropes, hemp ropes, packaging materials, industrial thick cloth and clothing textiles.
2. Wood fiber
Wood fiber is a wood fiber found in tree trunks, such as pine, fir, poplar, and willow. Pulp made from wood is an important raw material for producing regenerated cellulose fiber.
3. Leaf fiber and stalk fiber
Leaf fiber is mainly found in the leaf veins of monocotyledonous plants, the cell wall lignification is high, hard texture, known as hard fiber, such as sisal. These fibers are high strength, and corrosion resistance, mainly used in the manufacture of ship ropes, mining ropes, canvas, conveyor belts, and protective nets, but also woven sacks, carpets, and so on.
Stalk fiber is some monocotyledonous plant stems with particularly well-developed bast fiber bundles, these fibers have no or very little lignification, known as soft fibers, such as wheat straw, reed, lobelia, Ula grass, etc.. After simple physical and chemical treatment as raw materials for weaving, preparation of straw shoes, straw mattresses, mats, baskets, etc., can also be used as raw materials for the manufacture of recycled cellulose fiber and paper.
4. Root Fiber
Fibers in plant roots are generally less, but some plants can also be used within the root fibers, such as Malus. The Malus rhizome is thick and short, and the fibrous root is long and hard, in addition to medicinal use, can also be used to make brushes.
5. Peel Fiber
The pericarp of some plant fruits is rich in fiber, such as coconut. Coconut fiber has high strength, but poor softness, mainly used for geotextiles and home textiles, such as weaving into the net for sand, slope protection, and latex and other adhesive bonding, the production of thin cushions, sofa cushions, sports cushions, and car cushions and so on.
6. Seed Fiber
Fibers in plant roots are generally less, but some plants can also be used within the root fibers, such as Malus. The Malus rhizome is thick and short, and the fibrous root is long and hard, in addition to medicinal use, can also be used to make brushes.
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the improvement of people’s comfort in wearing textiles, the development and utilization of new natural plant fibers have become an inevitable trend.
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